Reciprocating pump



Patented May 23, 1944 RECIPROCATING PUMP Jean Zwicky. deceased, late ofBurnham, England, by William Francis Hunt and Olga Frances Hunt,executors, Slough, England Application July 17, 1942, Serial No. 451,264

In Great Britain May 6, 1941 9 Claims.

In Patent No. 2,299,448 Jean Zwicky described a double actingreciprocating pump having all its valves mounted in one valve platefitting a seating in the cylinder casting parallel'with the cylinderaxis. Besides other advantages this pump could be made reversible byproviding for rotation of the valve plate through 180.

A class of reciprocating pump known long before has inletand outlettappet valves located in parallel or X-shape seatings in the valve chestwhich separate the pump inlet connection from the outlet connection,while the space between the seatings communicates by channels in thecylinder casting with the ends of the cylinder and is transverselydivided, the valve axes usually lying in a plane containing the cylinderaxis.

According to the present invention pumps of this class are madereversible by mounting the valve seatings and valves so that they canrotate as a unit, the axis about which they turn being A so located thatrotation through 180 exchanges the positions of the inlet and outletvalves, with the result that the pump inlet becomes its delivery openingand its outlet the suction opening.

To this end the cylinder casting is so designed that the channels to theends of the cylinder end in ports in a surface of revolution in thevalve chest, while the pumpinlet' and outlet connections open upon thesame surface and'upon the same zone of it, the rotatable valve structuremakes joint with the valve chest throughout the periphery of twoco-axial surfaces of revolution on opposite sides of the zone in whichthe valve chest ports lie, and includes valveseatings which make jointwith the ported surface of the valve chest on opposite sides of eachport, the space between the seatings being transversely divided by apartition as hitherto. The surfaces of revolution may conveniently becylindrical and may all be parts of the same cylinder.

The axis about which the valve structure rotates may be parallel withthe cylinder axis, or at right angles to it though not intersecting it.In a preferred arrangement, however, the disposition of valve axes abovedescribed as usual is modifiedby setting the valve structure at rightangles to the position so described, so that the valve seatings arein'planes parallel to and on opposite sides of a plane containing thecylinder axis, and the valve axes are at right angles to the cylinderaxis and do not intersect it. The

valve structure is then made to rotate about an axis at right angles tothe cylinder axis and intersecting'it, with respect to which the valvesare symmetrically disposed. 4

A pump of this construction is shown in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure l is an axial section through the pump, its actuatingmechanism, however, being shown in elevation.

Figure 2 is a section on the line IIII of Fig. l omitting. the actuatingmechanism and Figure 3 is a section on the line III- III of Fig. 2. a

In this construction the valve chest I is an approximately cylindricalbox with its axis at right angles to and intersecting the axis of thecylinder 2. Channels 3 from the cylinder ends open upon a cylindricalsurface within this chamber atopposite ends of a diameter, while inletand outlet connections 4, 5 are provided on the chamber at opposite endsof the diameter at right angles. The rotatable structure is a castingwhich comprises two parallel plates 6, 1 containing the valve seatingsand a transverse partition 8 joining them and dividing in two the spacebetween them, together with two discs 9, ll fitting the valve chest I,and making joint with it throu hout their periphery. A boss l2projecting from the outlet valve plate 6 towards the outlet 5 hasattached to it a cross-bar l3 in the ends of which slide the stems ofthe outlet valve 14. These are in part hollow, and are prolonged beyondthe valves to receive the stems of the inlet valves l5. The stems of theinlet valves are similarly prolonged to be guided by a cross-bar Itforming part of the valve seating casting. All the valvesarespring-pressed upon their seatings.

To turn the rotatable structure a stem 3| mounted in the cover plate 32of the valve chest is engaged with the structure by a cross-pin 33, andoutside the valve chest carries a handle 34; a spring-pressed-plunger.36 in the handle, by engaging recesses in the cover plate, locates thestructure in its operative positions.

If the pump needs to be combined with a filter the filter should turnwith the valve structure so that the flow through the filter is notreversed by reversal of thepump. In the construction above described astrainer I! of perforated metal and metal gauzebent to a cylindrical arcis secured to a boss l8 mounted in the cross-bar l6 and projecting onthe inlet side, the radius of the strainer being a little less than thatof the rotating structure.

The pump may be power-driven or handoperated. In the latter case ahandle I9 pivoted on a link 2| which in turn is pivoted on .the endplate22 of the cylinder 2 is connected to a crosshead 23 sliding in a,,guide24 integral with the end plate 22. To prevent damageto thefpiston 25 andcylinder 2 the rocking of the handle is limited by pins 26 set in itspath in lugs upon the cross-head guide 24; the pins 26 are covered byrubber sleeves 21 and may be made spindle shaped to retain the sleevesin position.

A relief valve may be provided to short-circuit the pump if apredetermined pressure is exceeded. A convenient construction is todrill the partition 8 between the valve plates 6, 1 and make lateralopenings beyond the valve plates to complete a connection 28 betweenoutlet and inlet 4 and to provide a spring-pressed valve 29 mountedwithin the boss I8 and seating on the end of the drilled channel tointerrupt the connection.

What is claimed is: i

1. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a substantially circular valve chest withchannels leading from the respective ends of the cylinder to diametrallyopposite ports in said valve chest and inlet and-outlet connections alsoat diametrally opposite points of said valve chest and spaced from, saidchannels, a valve structure rotatable within sai d valve chest throughahalf turn from one operative position. to another to reverse theactionof thepumpand comprising parallel ported plates dividing said valvechestto separate said inlet and, outlet connections and making joint with itin both operative positions on opposite sides of said channels, apartition dividing the space between said parallel plates and separatingsaid channels, and spring-pressed valves controlling the ports. in saidplates.

2. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprisinga cylinder and a valve chest, saidvalve-chest havingdiametrally opposite ports upon a cylindrical surface and said castingincluding channels connecting said ports with the ends of the-cylinder,a valve structure rotatable thro'ugh ahalf turnfrom one operativeposition toanother about the axis of said cylindrical surface includingtwo ported valve seatings making joint with. saidvalve chest in bothoperative positions on opDQsite sides of its ports and dividing thevalve chest into three chambers, an inlet connection opening. into oneof said chambersanoutlet connection opening into another, and atransverse partition dividing into two the space between said valveseatingsv it and so separating the'portsin said valve chest, andspring-pressed valvescontrolling the ports in said valve seatings.

3. In a reciprocating pump .the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising. a cylinder and a 1'.

valve chest, said valve chest having diametrally opposite ports upon acylindrical surface the axis of which intersects the cylinder axis. atright angles and said casting including channels connecting said'portswith the respective ends of the cylinder, a valve structure rotatablethrough a half turn from one operative position to another about theaxis of said cylindrical surface and making joint] with it in bothoperative positions along two cylindrical zones on opposite sides ofsaid ports, inlet and outlet connections upon said valve chest openinginto it between said zones, valve seatings integral with said valvestructure parallel to each other and theax-is'of said cylindricalsurface making joint with said surface on valves controlling portsthrough 4. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a valve chest with channels connecting theends of the cylinder to diametrally opposite ports in a surface ofrevolution in said valve chest, inlet and outlet connections upon saidvalve chest opening upon said surface and upon the same zone of itbetween said ports, a valve structure rotatable through a half turn fromone operative position to another to reverse the action of the pump,said structure making joint with said valve chest throughout theperiphery of two coaxial surfaces of revolution co-axial with the portedsurface of the valve chest on opposite sides of the zone in which theValve chest ports lie, said valve structure also including valveseatings making joint with the ported surface of said valve chest inboth operative positions on opposite sides of each port and a transversepartition dividing the space between said valve seatings and separatingthe ports of the valve chest, and spring-pressed valves controllingports in said seatings.

5. In'a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a valve chest with channels connecting theends of the cylinder to diametrally'oppositeports in a surface ofrevolutionin said valve chest having its axis at right angles to andintersecting the axis of the pump cylinder, inlet and outlet connectionsupon said valve chest opening upon said surface and uponthe same zone ofit between said ports, a valve structure rotatable through a half turnfrom one operative position to another to reverse the action ofithepump, said structure making joint with said valve chest throughout theperiphery of two coaxial surfaces of revolution co-axial with the portedsurface of the valve chest on opposite sidesof the zone in which thevalve chest ports lie, said valve structure also including valve seatingmaking joint wtih the ported surface of saidvalve chest in bothoperative positions on opposite sides of each port and a transversepartition dividing the space between said valve seatings and separatingthe ports of the valve chest, and spring-pressed valves controllingports in said seatings.

6. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a valve chest with channels connecting theends of the cylinder to diametrally opposite ports in a cylindricalsurface insaid valve chest, inlet and outlet connections upon said valvechest opening upon said surface and upon .the same zone of it betweensaid ports, a valve structure rotatable through a half turnfromone-operative position to another to reverse the action of the pump,said structure making, joint with said valve chest throughout theperiphery of two zones. of said ported surface of the valve chest .onopposite sides of the zone in which the valve chest ports lie, saidvalve structure, also. including valve seatings making joint with theported surface of said valve chest in both operative positions .onopposite sides of' each port and a transverse partition dividing thespace between said valve seatings and separating theportsof the valvechest, and spring-pressed valves, controlling ports in said seatings.

7. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylindercastingcomprising a cylinder and a valve chest with channels connectingthe ends of the cylinder to diametrally. opposite ports in acylindrical'surface in said valve chest,.inlet and outlet connectionsupon said valve chest opening upon said surface and upon the same zoneof it between said ports, a valve structure making joint with said valvechest throughout the periphery of two zones of said ported surface ofthe valve chest on opposite sides of the zone in which the valve chestports lie, said valve structure also including valve seatings makingjoint with the ported surface of said valve chest on opposite sides ofeach port and a transverse partition dividing the space between saidvalve seatings and separating the ports of the said structure includingsaid partition being tunnelled to provide a passage between said inletand outlet connections, a spring-pressed valve in said tunnel normallyclosing it.

8. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a valve chest with channels connecting theends of the cylinder to diametrally opposite ports in a cylindricalsurface in said valve chest, inlet and outlet connections upon saidvalve chest opening upon said surface and upon the same zone of itbetween said ports, a valve structure rotatable through a half turn fromone operative position to another to reverse the action of the pump,said structure making joint with said valve chest throughout theperiphery of two zones of said ported surface of the valve chest onopposite sides of the zone in which the valve chest ports lie, saidvalve structure also including valve seatings making joint with theported surface of said valve chest in both operative positions onopposite sides of each port and a transverse partition dividing thespace between said valve seatings and separating the ports of the valvechest, spring-pressed valves controlling ports in said seatings and apart cylindrical straining member of less diameter than said portedcylindrical surface secured to and making joint with said valvestructure and enclosing the valves in one of said seatings on the sidefrom which they open.

9. In a reciprocating pump the combination of a cylinder castingcomprising a cylinder and a substantially circular valve chest withchannels from the respective ends of the cylinder opening into saidvalve chest on opposite sides of it and inlet and outlet connectionsalso at opposite sides of said valve chest and between the channelopenings, a valve structure rotatable by a half-turn within said valvechest from one operative position to another to reverse the action ofthe pump, said valve structure making joint with the valve chestthroughout its Periphery along two zones one on each side of saidconnections and channel openings and including valve seaings which ineach operative position of said structure make joint with the valvechest from the one zone to the other along lines intermediate betweenthe inlet and outlet connections and the channel openings, said valvestructure dividing the valve chest into four compartments communicatingrespectively with the inlet connection the outlet connection and the oneand the other end of the cylinder, and spring-pressed valves controllingports in said seatings, two of them giving access to the compartmentcommunicating with the outlet connection and two giving egress from thecompartment communicatingwith the inlet connection.

WILLIAM FRANCIS HUNT.

OLGA FRANCES HUNT. Emecutors of Jean Zwicky, Deceased,

